Windows 史上最严重高危漏洞,可远程控制任意系统【附带POC】

文章来源: | 发布时间:2017-08-14

谷歌爆Windows史上最严重高危漏洞,2017年5月6日,谷歌project-zero在twitter上公布Windows 重大远程命令执行漏洞,黑客可利用该漏洞远程控制任意Windows系统,你的个人信息很可能早已裸奔,8日微软官方对此漏洞公告,9日谷歌project zero公布漏洞细节。
  
  漏洞报告者表示,该攻击可在默认安装的系统成功执行,不需要在同一局域网,并且可蠕虫,自动传播。
  
  概述
  
  微软恶意软件保护引擎扫描特定文件时,会触发远程命令执行,攻击者可利用此漏洞获取系统权限。
  
  尽快更新微软恶意软件防护引擎到最新
  
  影响范围
  
  所有Windows Defender, Windows Intune Endpoint Protection, MicrosoftSecurity Essentials, Microsoft System Center Endpoint Protection, MicrosoftForefront Security for SharePoint, Microsoft Endpoint Protection, and MicrosoftForefront Endpoint Protection
  
  报告者
  
  Natalie Silvanovich 和TavisOrmandy (Google Project Zero)
  
  漏洞编号
  
  CVE-2017-0290
  
  漏洞详情
  
  微软恶意软件保护引擎扫描特定文件时,会触发远程命令执行,攻击者可利用此漏洞获取系统权限。安装恶意软件,创建用户等。
  
  攻击者可通过邮件附件、网站自动下载等来触发此漏洞,引擎会自动扫描文件,此时触发漏洞,获取系统权限。如果实时防护开启,则会立刻进行扫描,导致命令执行;如果实时扫描没有启用,则会在执行定时扫描时触发该漏洞。
  
  POC
  
  MsMpEng is the Malware Protection service that is enabled by default on Windows 8, 8.1, 10, Windows Server 2012, and so on. Additionally, Microsoft Security Essentials, System Centre Endpoint Protection and various other Microsoft security products share the same core engine. MsMpEng runs as NT AUTHORITY\SYSTEM without sandboxing, and is remotely accessible without authentication via various Windows services, including Exchange, IIS, and so on.
  
  On workstations, attackers can access mpengine by sending emails to users (reading the email or opening attachments is not necessary), visiting links in a web browser, instant messaging and so on. This level of accessibility is possible because MsMpEng uses a filesystem minifilter to intercept and inspect all system filesystem activity, so writing controlled contents to anywhere on disk (e.g. caches, temporary internet files, downloads (even unconfirmed downloads), attachments, etc) is enough to access functionality in mpengine. MIME types and file extensions are not relevant to this vulnerability, as MsMpEng uses it’s own content identification system.
  
  Vulnerabilities in MsMpEng are among the most severe possible in Windows, due to the privilege, accessibility, and ubiquity of the service.
  
  The core component of MsMpEng responsible for scanning and analysis is called mpengine. Mpengine is a vast and complex attack surface, comprising of handlers for dozens of esoteric archive formats, executable packers and cryptors, full system emulators and interpreters for various architectures and languages, and so on. All of this code is accessible to remote attackers.
  
  NScript is the component of mpengine that evaluates any filesystem or network activity that looks like JavaScript. To be clear, this is an unsandboxed and highly privileged JavaScript interpreter that is used to evaluate untrusted code, by default on all modern Windows systems. This is as surprising as it sounds.
  
  We have written a tool to access NScript via a command shell for testing, allowing us to explore and evaluate it:
  
  $ mpscript
  
  main(): Please wait, initializing engine...
  
  main(): Ready, type javascript (history available, use arrow keys)
  
  > 6 * 9
  
  JavaScriptLog(): 54
  
  > document.location.hostname
  
  JavaScriptLog(): www.myserver.com
  
  > "abcd" + String.fromCharCode(0x3f)
  
  JavaScriptLog(): abcd?
  
  > /[y]e+(s|S)/.exec("yes")[0] // C++ regex engine running unsandboxed as SYSTEM on attacker controlled REGEX?
  
  JavaScriptLog(): yes
  
  > for (i in document) log(i)
  
  JavaScriptLog(): appendChild
  
  JavaScriptLog(): attributes
  
  JavaScriptLog(): childNodes
  
  JavaScriptLog(): createElement
  
  JavaScriptLog(): createTextNode
  
  JavaScriptLog(): getElementById
  
  JavaScriptLog(): getElementsByTagName
  
  JavaScriptLog(): write
  
  JavaScriptLog(): writeln
  
  JavaScriptLog(): referrer
  
  JavaScriptLog(): cookie
  
  JavaScriptLog(): location
  
  JavaScriptLog(): undefined
  
  > window.ScriptEngineBuildVersion
  
  JavaScriptLog(): [object Function]
  
  > window.ScriptEngineBuildVersion()
  
  JavaScriptLog(): 8831
  
  We have discovered that the function JsDelegateObject_Error::toString() reads the "message" property from the this object, but fails to validate the type of the property before passing it to JsRuntimeState::triggerShortStrEvent().
  
  In pseudocode, the code does something like this:
  
  prophash = JsObject::genPropHash("message", 0);
  
  RuntimeState::getThisPtr(&thisptr)
  
  if (JsObject::get(thisptr, prophash, &message)) {
  
  JsRuntimeState::triggerShortStrEvent("error_tostring", message);
  
  }
  
  The method assumes that message is a string, but it can be of any type, so this type confusion allows an attacker to pass arbitrary other objects. JsRuntimeState::triggerShortStrEvent() calls JsString::numBytes() on the passed object, which will invoke a method from the object’s vtable.
  
  int __fastcall JsString::numBytes(JsString this)
  
  {
  
  if ( this == 0x12 )
  
  return 0;
  
  if ( (this & 0x12) == 0x12 )
  
  return this >> 5;
  
  return this->vtbl->GetLength(this);
  
  }
  
  Nscript supports "short" strings, with length and values contained in the handle and "long" strings with out-of-line memory. If the string is "long" (or appears to be due to type confusion), a vtable call is made to retrieve the length.
  
  Integer handles are represented as four-byte values with the final bit set to one by the engine. The integer itself is left shifted by one bit, and the final bit set to create the handle. Handles to most objects, including strings are represented as the value of the pointer to the object with no modification. Therefore, this type confusion allows an integer to be specified and treated as pointer (though the bits need to shifted to get the correct value in the handle, and only odd pointer values are possible).
  
  To reproduce this vulnerability, download the attached testcase. The debugging session below was captured after visiting a website that did this:
  
  <a href="testcase.txt" download id=link>
  
  <script>
  
  document.getElementById("link").click();
  
  </script>
  
  3: kd> !process
  
  PROCESS 8805fd28  SessionId: 0  Cid: 0afc    Peb: 7ffdf000  ParentCid: 01c8
  
  DirBase: bded14e0  ObjectTable: bfb99640  HandleCount: 433.
  
  Image: MsMpEng.exe
  
  3: kd> !token -n
  
  _EPROCESS 8805fd28, _TOKEN 00000000
  
  TS Session ID: 0
  
  User: S-1-5-18 (Well Known Group: NT AUTHORITY\SYSTEM)
  
  3: kd> .lastevent
  
  Last event: Access violation - code c0000005 (first chance)
  
  debugger time: Fri May  5 18:22:14.740 2017 (UTC - 7:00)
  
  3: kd> r
  
  eax=00000010 ebx=1156c968 ecx=41414141 edx=115730f8 esi=68bd9100 edi=41414141
  
  eip=68b1f5f2 esp=0208e12c ebp=0208e134 iopl=0         nv up ei ng nz ac po cy
  
  cs=001b  ss=0023  ds=0023  es=0023  fs=003b  gs=0000             efl=00010293
  
  mpengine!FreeSigFiles+0xec822:
  
  001b:68b1f5f2 8b07            mov     eax,dword ptr [edi] ds:0023:41414141=????????
  
  3: kd> lmv mmpengine
  
  start    end        module name
  
  68790000 6917a000   mpengine   (export symbols)       mpengine.dll
  
  Loaded symbol image file: mpengine.dll
  
  Image path: c:\ProgramData\Microsoft\Microsoft Antimalware\Definition Updates\{1C2B7358-645B-41D0-9E79-5FA3E5C4EB51}\mpengine.dll
  
  Image name: mpengine.dll
  
  Timestamp:        Thu Apr 06 16:05:37 2017 (58E6C9C1)
  
  CheckSum:         00A1330D
  
  ImageSize:        009EA000
  
  Translations:     0000.04b0 0000.04e4 0409.04b0 0409.04e4
  
  3: kd> u
  
  mpengine!FreeSigFiles+0xec822:
  
  001b:68b1f5f2 8b07            mov     eax,dword ptr [edi]
  
  001b:68b1f5f4 56              push    esi
  
  001b:68b1f5f5 8b7008          mov     esi,dword ptr [eax+8]
  
  001b:68b1f5f8 8bce            mov     ecx,esi
  
  001b:68b1f5fa ff15c0450e69    call    dword ptr [mpengine!MpContainerWrite+0x35f3a0 (690e45c0)]
  
  001b:68b1f600 8bcf            mov     ecx,edi
  
  001b:68b1f602 ffd6            call    esi           <--- Jump to attacker controlled address
  
  001b:68b1f604 5e              pop     esi
  
  Before executing JavaScript, mpengine uses a number of heuristics to decide if evaluation is necessary. One such heuristic estimates file entropy before deciding whether to evaluate any javascript, but we’ve found that appending some complex comments is enough to trigger this.
  
  The attached proof of concept demonstrates this, but please be aware that downloading it will immediately crash MsMpEng in it’s default configuration and possibly destabilize your system. Extra care should be taken sharing this report with other Windows users via Exchange, or web services based on IIS, and so on.
  
  As mpengine will unpack arbitrarily deeply nested archives and supports many obscure and esoteric archive formats (such as Amiga ZOO and MagicISO UIF), there is no practical way to identify an exploit at the network level, and administrators should patch as soon as is practically possible.
  
  We have verified that on Windows 10, adding a blanket exception for C:\ is enough to prevent automatic scanning of filesystem activity (you can still initiate manual scans, but it seems prudent to do so on trusted files only, making the action pointless).
  
  This vulnerability was discovered by Natalie Silvanovich and Tavis Ormandy of Google Project Zero.
  
  This bug is subject to a 90 day disclosure deadline. After 90 days elapse
  
  or a patch has been made broadly available, the bug report will become
  
  visible to the public.
  
  Project Member Comment 1 by taviso@google.com, May 6 (3 days ago)
  
  Cc: natashenka@google.com
  
  MSRC Case 38582
  
  Project Member Comment 2 by taviso@google.com, May 6 (2 days ago)
  
  Update from Microsoft.
  
  ------------
  
  Hello Tavis,
  
  We have successfully reproduced the issue that you reported to us.  We will be finishing our investigation and determining if we will address it in a security release.
  
  Please let me know if you have any additional information that could impact the investigation, or if you have any questions.
  
  ------------
  
  Project Member Comment 3 by taviso@google.com, May 6 (2 days ago)
  
  Quick second update:
  
  ---------
  
  Hi Tavis,
  
  Just wanted to let you know that we are working on fixing this issue. I will continue to provide status updates as they become available.
  
  Thanks again for reporting security issues to Microsoft responsibly and we appreciate your effort in doing so.
  
  ----------
  
  Comment 4 Deleted
  
  Comment 5 Deleted
  
  Comment 6 Deleted
  
  Comment 7 Deleted
  
  Project Member Comment 8 by taviso@google.com, May 7 (2 days ago)
  
  Summary: MsMpEng: Remotely Exploitable Type Confusion in Windows 8, 8.1, 10, Windows Server, SCEP, Microsoft Security Essentials, and more. (was: MsMpEng: Remotely Exploitable Type Confusion in Windows 8, 8.1, 10, Windows Server, ForeFront, Microsoft Security Essentials, and more.)
  
  Comment 9 Deleted
  
  Project Member Comment 10 by taviso@google.com, May 7 (2 days ago)
  
  Corrected typo in testcase.
  
  nscript-type-confusion.zip
  
  88.3 KB Download
  
  Project Member Comment 11 by taviso@google.com, Today (13 hours ago)
  
  Labels: -Restrict-View-Commit
  
  Status: Fixed
  
  Microsoft have released an advisory for this issue, CVE-2017-0290.
  
  https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/security/4022344
  
  Project Member Comment 12 by taviso@google.com, Today (13 hours ago)
  
  Labels: Restrict-View-EditIssue
  
  Project Member Comment 13 by taviso@google.com, Today (13 hours ago)
  
  Labels: -Restrict-View-EditIssue
  
  Oops, fixing labels.
  
  Project Member Comment 14 by taviso@google.com, Today (13 hours ago)
  
  Two clarifications from Microsoft,
  
  1. Defender is not supported on Windows Server platforms except Server 2016.
  
  2. On the latest platforms, RCE risk should be lowered due to CFG (on platforms where CFG is in effect).
  
  Comment 15 by loneg...@gmail.com, Today (5 hours ago)
  
  that nscript-type-confusion.zip is corrupted.  I am not able to unpack it on OS X. Regarding Comment #11
  
  Comment 16 by tal.a.be...@gmail.com, Today (3 hours ago)
  
  nscript-type-confusion.zip is corrupted. (according to windows and 7zip)
  
  Comment 17 by bhdr...@gmail.com, Today (2 hours ago)
  
  Its not Zip, treat it as UTF-8 Unicode text.
  
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